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Endocrinology - Hormones, saliva

Doctors DataSKU: A2840
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Saliva testing is an easy and noninvasive way of assessing your patients hormone balancing needs, and is proving to be the most reliable medium for measuring hormone levels. Unlike serum tests, male and female hormone tests using saliva measure only hormones actively delivered to receptors in the body. Clinically, it is far more relevant to test these bioavailable hormones and...

Full Description

This test is useful for:

  • Male and Female hormone tests are ideal for men and women concerned with changing hormone levels as a result of age
  • Cycling women experiencing PMS symptoms, perhaps related to a hormonal imbalance, may benefit from a female hormone test
  • Peri- and post-menopausal women concerned with their estradiol and progesterone levels for replacement considerations
  • Those wishing to monitor their hormone levels following replacement therapy (oral, sublingual or topical), and subsequently regulate their supplement levels
  • Anyone with symptoms involving fatigue, insomnia, stress, immunity problems, blood sugar problems, and an overweight body should be tested for cortisol levels as well as "sex" hormones

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Detailed Information

Hormones are powerful molecules essential for maintaining physical and mental health. We frequently think of estrogen as being a female hormone, and testosterone as being a male hormone. But men AND women make both, plus several more that need to be in balance for optimum health. An imbalance of any one hormone can throw your physical and mental health out of balance, causing aggravating and even serious health problems. 

One size does not fit all when it comes to hormones! For decades western medicine has prescribed hormone replacement therapy as if everyone needed the same thing and the same amount. Nothing could be further from the truth. Your hormones are like your fingerprints and in order to achieve optimal health, you need to know what your specific imbalances are. Female and male hormone tests can help identify these imbalances.

There are several ways to test for hormones (saliva, serum and urine), but the state-of-the-art method is through saliva. This is because only the active portions of hormones are measured and it is these portions that determine how individuals feel. So if your patient is seeking bio-identical hormone replacement (BHRT), you'll need to know active hormone levels. In addition, if using a topical (transdermal) hormone preparation for treatment, saliva testing is the most accurate tool to measure and monitor hormone status. 
 

Why Use Saliva?

Appreciating the reliability of saliva testing is based on understanding the difference between steroid hormones in saliva and in serum. This difference is based on whether or not the hormones are bound to proteins in the medium used for testing. The majority of hormones exist in one of two forms: free (5%) or protein bound (95%). Only the free hormones are biologically active, or bio-available, and available for delivery to receptors in the body. Protein bound hormones do not fit the receptors and are considered non-bioavailable. When blood is filtered through the salivary glands, the bound hormone components are too large to pass through the cell membranes. Only the unbound hormones pass through and into the saliva. Saliva testing measures the bioavailable hormone - the clinically relevant portion delivered to the receptors in the tissues of the body. 

Salivary hormone levels are expected to be much lower than serum levels, as only the unbound hormones are being measured. When healthcare providers measure serum hormone levels and prescribe hormone replacement therapy based on those results, patients are often overdosed. If the patients receive a male or female hormone test using saliva, the results are extraordinarily high and create confusion resulting from a lack of correlation between the two methods. 

This discrepancy becomes especially important when monitoring topical, or transdermal, hormone therapy. Studies show that this method of delivery results in increased tissue hormone levels (thus measurable in saliva), but no parallel increase in serum levels. Therefore, serum female and male hormone tests cannot be used to monitor topical hormone therapy. 

Saliva measures the "unbound" biologically active or free hormone levels in the body: 
When blood is filtered through the salivary glands, the bound hormone components are too large to pass through the cell membranes of the salivary glands. Only the unbound hormones pass through and into the saliva. What is measured in the saliva is considered the "free", or bioavailable hormone, that which will be delivered to the receptors in the tissues of the body. 

Serum measures the "protein bound" biologically inactive hormone levels in the body: 
In order for steroid hormones to be detected in serum, they must be bound to circulating proteins. In this bound state, they are unable to fit into receptors in the body, and therefore will not be delivered to tissues. They are considered inactive, or non-bioavailable. 

Only saliva testing measures topically dosed hormones: 

The discrepancy between free and protein bound hormones becomes especially important when monitoring topical, or transdermal, hormone therapy. Studies show that this method of delivery results in increased tissue hormone levels (thus measurable in saliva), but no parallel increase in serum levels. Therefore, serum testing cannot be used to monitor topical hormone therapy. 

Usage Directions

1. On the day of collection, DO NOT:

  • Take any supplements until after until you have collected all four samples
  • Consume food or drinks that contain caffeine.
  • Eat or drink anything before your first saliva collection (up to 8 oz of water is OK). Avoid eating one hour prior to each saliva collection.
  • Brush, floss, or have dental work done 30 minutes prior to each saliva collection. Wash hands and rinse mouth with water, but wait 10 minutes to collect your saliva sample (to avoid dilution).
  • If testing melatonin: Please avoid all nuts, fruits, fruit juice, wine, rice and coffee on the day of collection, as these foods are known to contain melatonin and could skew results.

2. First saliva collection must be 30 minutes after awakening. Set a timer if necessary as timing for the first saliva sample is crucial.

3. Use of routine cosmetics is permitted.

Check more information at: Collection Instructions

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